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PHYSICAL TRAINING IN PEOPLE WITH COPD: RECENT EVIDENCE ANDRELEVANT CLINICAL EFFECTS
Introduction. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains one of the leading causes of functional decline and mortality worldwide. In this context, physical training emerges as an intervention capable of modulating clinical progression and improving the functional status of affected individuals. Objective. To synthesize recent evidence on the effects of physical training in adults diagnosed with COPD, integrating physiological, morpho-functional, psychosocial, and clinical findings from diverse geographic contexts. Methods. A narrative review of recent studies addressing the relationship between physical training and clinical outcomes in individuals with COPD was conducted. The analysis compared several exercise modalities according to the FITT framework (Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type).
Results. Evidence indicates that regular and controlled physical activity is associated with reduced adverse outcomes, hospitalizations, and mortality. Structured exercise programs produce acute improvements in ventilatory efficiency, exercise tolerance, quality of life, and clinical stability. Different training modalities—such as aerobic, strength, combined, and mind-body therapies—show varying degrees of effectiveness depending on exercise dosing and supervision levels. Conclusions. Physical training is an essential component of comprehensive COPD management and should be integrated into clinical guidelines and public health strategies. Research gaps remain regarding the personalization of training, the use of monitoring technologies, and the longitudinal assessment of its effects in Latin American populations.
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