Estudio de la viabilidad del aprovechamiento del pericarpio de mangostino (garcinia mangostana) para la obtención de compuestos fenólicos

Laura Maria Reyes Méndez; Eduart Andres Gutierrez Pineda

doi:10.22490/ECBTI.9978

Vol. 6 Núm. 2 (2025)

Publicado 2025-10-07

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Estudio de la viabilidad del aprovechamiento del pericarpio de mangostino (garcinia mangostana) para la obtención de compuestos fenólicos

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22490/ECBTI.9978

Dra. Laura María Reyes Méndez Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia

Dr. Eduart Andrés Gutierrez Pineda Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia

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El aprovechamiento de residuos agroindustriales representa una estrategia clave no solo para reducir el impacto ambiental que generan, sino también para obtener biomateriales y compuestos bioactivos de interés en las industrias alimentaria, farmacéutica y nutracéutica. En este estudio se evaluó la viabilidad del pericarpio de mangostino (Garcinia mangostana) como fuente de compuestos fenólicos, empleando un sistema de extracción asistida por ultrasonido (EAU). Se utilizaron dos solventes (etanol y etanol/ácido cítrico, pH 2,0; 3,5 y 4,0), dos frecuencias de ultrasonido (20 y 40 kHz), un tiempo de 30 minutos y una relación sólido:solvente de 1:10. El mayor contenido de fenoles totales (63,72 ± 3,43 mg ácido gálico/g de pericarpio seco) se obtuvo con etanol/ácido cítrico pH 3,5 a 20 kHz.

La caracterización de los extractos (inicialmente el extracto etanol/ácido cítrico pH 3,5 a 20 kHz) se realizó mediante cromatografía líquida de ultra alta eficiencia acoplada a espectrometría de masas (UPLC-MS) y UHPLC-UV/Vis para la identificación de antocianinas y otros polifenoles. El análisis permitió identificar compuestos fenólicos, principalmente antocianinas y flavonoles. Actualmente, se continúa con la cuantificación comparativa de los diferentes extractos para evaluar la variación cualitativa y cuantitativa del contenido fenólico en función de las condiciones de extracción. Los resultados obtenidos confirman el potencial del pericarpio de mangostino como una fuente prometedora de compuestos fenólicos con aplicaciones como nutracéuticos y colorantes naturales en la industria alimentaria.

Palabras clave: Actividad biológica, Aprovechamientos de subproductos, biorrefinería, compuestos activos, economía circular

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Reyes Méndez, L. M., & Gutierrez Pineda, E. A. (2025). Estudio de la viabilidad del aprovechamiento del pericarpio de mangostino (garcinia mangostana) para la obtención de compuestos fenólicos. Documentos De Trabajo ECBTI, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.22490/ECBTI.9978

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