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Clinical Support Technologies for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Peripheral Facial Paralysis: A Literature Review
Objective. To analyze the technologies and methodologies used for the diagnosis and monitoring of peripheral facial paralysis in order to identify major advances, limitations, and opportunities for developing tools aimed at objective assessment and clinical follow-up of patients. Method. A structured literature review was conducted through a process organized into three phases: planning, search, and information analysis. Following searches in specialized databases and the application of selection criteria, a final corpus of 30 recent studies addressing technologies and methodologies for the assessment of peripheral facial paralysis was obtained. The selected documents were analyzed according to the techniques employed, their applications in diagnosis and monitoring, and their main strengths and limitations. Results. The reviewed evidence shows a predominance of technologies focused on diagnosis, particularly those based on computer vision, three-dimensional analysis, automated facial recognition, and artificial intelligence. However, an important gap was identified in the development of tools for continuous clinical monitoring and longitudinal assessment of patient progress. Additional limitations include the lack of standardization in data collection and processing, dependence on specific datasets, and limited clinical validation across diverse populations. Conclusion. The findings highlight the need to develop comprehensive systems that combine objective assessment, longitudinal monitoring, and artificial intelligence. Such integration represents an opportunity to advance clinical decision-support tools capable of improving the diagnosis, monitoring, and follow-up of patients with peripheral facial paralysis.