Copyright (c) 2025 Documentos de trabajo ECISA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
PHYTOREMEDIATION, A BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TOOL FOR THE PROTECTION AND RECOVERY OF WATER RESOURCES - TOPIC REVIEW
Abstract: Introduction: Phytoremediation as an innovative biotechnological alternative for the decontamination and recovery of water resources, highlighting its potential to address the growing threat of water pollution. Objective: To synthesize the current state of phytoremediation as a technology for the decontamination and recovery of water resources. Methodology: An exhaustive review of the scientific literature was carried out in specialized databases, including Scielo, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, among others. Results: Concise results were obtained on topics related to the main interest, such as the importance of the water resource and the consequences of its contamination; Biotechnology is exposed as a fundamental field to address environmental problems, highlighting phytoremediation as a sustainable and effective biotechnological technique for water decontamination, thus reaching bioremediating plants, which have a high bioremediation potential, including Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia molesta, Eichhornia crassipes, Typha domingensis, etc., capable of absorbing and accumulating organic heavy metals, compounds and other contaminants. Discussion: The advantages of phytoremediation are discussed, such as its low cost, lower environmental impact and the possibility of revegetating degraded areas and, in turn, some limitations are considered, such as the specificity of plants for certain contaminants. Conclusion: In conclusion, phytoremediation is presented as a viable, sustainable and economic alternative for the decontamination and recovery of water resources, its capacity to restore aquatic ecosystems and guarantee the availability of clean water makes it a crucial tool for the construction of a more sustainable future.
