Working Papers ECAPMA
type: channel
description: Working Papers es una publicación creada por la Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente ECAPMA, que pretende difundir entre la comunidad académica los trabajos derivados de las actividades propias de la labor docente y/o académico-administrativa de sus miembros. Se conciben como contribuciones relevantes y enriquecedoras al conocimiento y al quehacer docente. La publicación está abierta a todas las disciplinas cultivadas en la Escuela.
publisher: Sello Editorial UNAD
language: es
publication name: Working Papers ECAPMA
items: Water sustainability: the intersection of conservation and social transformation
items: Identification of ecosystem services in the vegetation of cerro El Venado, Yopal municipality
items: Effect of glyphosate on the germination of Zygia longofolia seeds in the colombian amazon
items: FORMATION OF NUCLEI Tetragonisca angustula IN URBANPRODUCTION OF VILLAVICENCIO: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
items: Design of a technologically enhanced greenhouse mediated by pollinators for UNAD-CCAV Facatativá
items: Promoting environmental responsibility with the integration of ecopedagogy in the Unadista curriculum
items: Evaluation of productive and reproductive parameters of cattle crossbred with criollo caqueteño, in a dual-purpose system, at the Vila Mery farm in the municipality of Morelia – Caquetá
items: Hydrological dynamics of the upper Magdalena river basin. Case study: Timana river basin, Colombia
items: Estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus in leachate from agricultural soils with high saturation of exchangeable magnesium
items: Development of a cilantro crop (Coriandrum sativum) in an automated aeroponic system
items: Ultrasound findings in feline lower urinary tract disease (F.L.U.T.D)
items: Assessment of the effect of herbicides on soil microbial populations
items: Evaluation of the incidence of Phytophthora spp. in cocoa clones, with applications of Trichoderma spp. in the municipality of Algeciras, Huila
items: Advances and perspectives in the characterization of elite cacao trees (Theobroma cacao L.) for the conservation of biodiversity in the municipality of Ibague, Tolima
items: Gastrointestinal parasites with zoonotic potential in owned canines attending in the veterinary clinic UDES-Valledupar
items: Bovina colombiana animal welfare in the colombian bovine meat chain
items: Evaluación de productos Químicos y Biológico para Combatir la Antracnosis en Guanábana (Annona muricata L.) provocada por Colletotrichum spp.
items: Análisis sobre la incidencia de harina de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis l.) en los parámetros productivos de pollos de engorde en el departamento del cauca
items: System of numbering for bovines with the purpose of showing age and sex
items: Effects of dietary inclusion of babassu by-products on ruminal metabolism of sheep and on the chemical composition of milk and meat produced by cattle: a brief overview in the brazilian context
items: Endoparasitoses in domestic canines and feline in the UDES Valledupar veterinary clinic
items: The new regulatory context of the Guadua/bamboo production chain in Colombia
items: Evaluation of two treatments based on garlic (Allium sativum), in comparison to a commercial antiparasitic (Albendazole), for controlling gastro-intestinal parasites in lactating calves
items: Solid waste and community in urban rivers: case section 2 Fucha river – Bogotá D.C – Colombia
items: Animal production systems (aps) and environment relationship and interactions
items: Mountain microorganisms, an alternative for the biofertilization of agricultural crops
items: Seed quality Evaluation of Sacha inchi specie (Plukenetia volubilis L.)
items: Analysis of lighting risks in study positions of distance education students
items: Vegetable coverage in scattered trees located in agricultural properties of the road corredor Bogotá – Villavicencio
items: Environmental interpretation as a strategy in enviromental education with schoolchildren of primary basic studies at the Agape reserve of the municipality of Leticia (Amazonas)

Water sustainability: the intersection of conservation and social transformation
type: item
description: Contextualization: Water sustainability has become a crucial issue in the context of climate change and population growth. In rural areas, water management is not only an environmental challenge but also a social one. The interaction between the conservation of water resources and social transformation is vital to ensure equitable and sustainable access to water, which is essential for the health and well-being of communities (WWAP, 2018). Knowledge Gap: The lack of awareness and education about sustainable practices, the impact of climate change that alters water availability, combined with the contamination of water sources from industrial, domestic, and agricultural waste, inadequate infrastructure for water collection and distribution, social inequalities that limit equitable access, lack of monitoring on the status of water resources, and cultural resistance to changing traditional practices, highlights the need to investigate more thoroughly the connection between the conservation of water resources and social change processes in order to contribute to effective and equitable policies and practices for the conservation of this precious resource. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the interrelationship between water conservation and the social transformation of the community, seeking to identify strategies that promote sustainable use of water resources. It intends to understand how conservation initiatives can empower local communities and foster their participation in water management, thereby contributing to sustainable development and the well-being of the population. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews are conducted with community leaders and key stakeholders in water management and conservation, providing insight into current practices in water resource management, existing conservation practices, and the needs of the community. This approach fosters discussion and collective analysis. Results and Conclusions: The study results indicate that integrat…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: water sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: water conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: social transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: resource management
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: community
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuberica Fernanda Diaz Embus
creator: Diana Cristina Medina Valencia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-29
publication date: 2025-05-29
starting page: 109
ending page: 135
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8689

Identification of ecosystem services in the vegetation of cerro El Venado, Yopal municipality
type: item
description: Contextualization: This study focuses on quantifying and estimating ecosystem services provided by forested areas and vegetation. The scientific community has recognized that such vegetation covers offer ecosystem services (ES), which are essential for maintaining the planet's basic functions. These services include tangible and intangible benefits derived from nature, such as air quality maintenance, water purification, climate regulation, carbon capture, and food production. Ecosystem services are categorized as regulatory, provisioning, support, and cultural services, all contributing to human well-being through essential ecological processes (Ruiz, 2012; Fisher et al., 2009). Knowledge gap: There is a deficiency in knowledge concerning the local community’s awareness of their role in addressing climate change. While global awareness is growing, there is a need to empower local populations to realize that small but collective actions, such as refraining from deforestation, incorporating trees into productive systems, and making informed decisions, can collectively contribute to significant climate change mitigation. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to contribute to climate change mitigation by quantifying carbon fixation in tree and shrub vegetation in the study area. Additionally, the research aims to highlight the importance of biodiversity, scenic beauty, and the need for forest conservation in the tutelary hills of Yopal, particularly Cerro El Venado, which improves the quality of life for Yopal's residents. Methodology: The research is conducted in six temporary plots: three in forested areas and three in silvopastoral systems. In these plots, the diameter at breast height (DBH) and total stem height of trees are measured to quantify carbon fixation. A total of 35 species in the stem stage were identified. The aboveground biomass is calculated using allometric models, with field data such as tree diameter and total height entered into the models. Results…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Climate
  topic: keywords
subject: carbon capture
  topic: keywords
subject: global warning
  topic: keywords
subject: mitigation
  topic: keywords
subject: soil erosion
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
creator: Blanca Ninfa Carvajal Agudelo
creator: Gilberto Augusto Cortes Millán
creator: Zulma Lorena Durán Hernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-23
publication date: 2025-05-23
starting page: 35
ending page: 52
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8428

Effect of glyphosate on the germination of Zygia longofolia seeds in the colombian amazon
type: item
description: Zygia longifolia contributes to the stabilization of riparian ecosystems and helps mitigate soil erosion in the Colombian Amazon, in addition to improving soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. However, it is necessary to study the effects of the herbicide glyphosate on non-target forest species, especially in regions where aerial spraying is used to eradicate illicit crops. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of glyphosate on the germination of Z. longifolia seeds using the paper roll technique. Seeds were soaked for 30 minutes in solutions with concentrations of 0.0; 1.8; 3.6; 5.4 and 7.2 g L⁻¹ of glyphosate acid equivalent. A quadratic reduction of 72.4% in seed vigor was observed as glyphosate doses increased from 0.0 to 7.2 g L⁻¹. No significant differences were found in the electrical conductivity test of the solution with seeds exposed to the herbicide. It was concluded that glyphosate negatively affects the germination of Z. longifolia, which has implications for its conservation and for the responsible use of herbicides in forested areas. The results highlight the importance of bioassays to understand the impact of glyphosate on forest species in the Colombian Amazon region.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: agrochemical
  topic: keywords
subject: herbicide
  topic: keywords
subject: restoration
  topic: keywords
creator: Ismael Dussan Huaca
creator: Thiago Costa Ferreira
creator: Cristian David Plaza Perez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-23
publication date: 2025-05-23
starting page: 19
ending page: 33
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8424

FORMATION OF NUCLEI Tetragonisca angustula IN URBANPRODUCTION OF VILLAVICENCIO: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
type: item
description: Contextualization: Tetragonisca angustula, commonly known as the angel bee, belongs to the group of stingless bees. It is a promising species of economic interest due to the quality of its honey and its attributed important medicinal properties (such as tissue regeneration). Additionally, these bees play a role in pollinating wild plants and other species cultivated by humans. However, their exploitation has often been extractive, causing damage to the bee colonies when harvested or captured to form new colonies for zootechnical purposes. Knowledge gap: Although renewable containers for the angel bee have been studied, the formation of nuclei remains a topic of controversy. Therefore, this work is conducted empirically through direct observation, seeking a solution to implement a protocol that allows for the establishment of techniques for the formation of Tetragonisca angustula nuclei and the strengthening of the population for an urban meliponary dedicated to this species. Purpose: The process of nucleus formation in the Tetragonisca angustula bee within the context of urban production in Villavicencio. The study explored factors such as habitat characteristics and the species’ adaptation to anthropized environments. Methodology: This study is an empirical investigation using the trial-and-error method and direct observation. It aims to establish patterns by comparing nuclei and internal architecture, ultimately determining a biological pattern in the architectural construction of the nucleus by meliponines. Results and conclusions: In this study, it was observed that the vessels used to establish the hive’s habitat must have a vertical structure with two cavities (upper and lower). The genetic architecture of stingless bees, such as Tetragonisca angustula, is programmed to adapt to these spaces, and the vessel acts as a protective barrier. Despite lacking a stinger, these bees neutralize aggressors at their own expense. Additionally, the importance of recycling a…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Bee
  topic: keywords
subject: hive
  topic: keywords
subject: meliponiculture
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable production
  topic: keywords
creator: Farin Samir Gomez García
creator: Diana Milena Torres
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-26
publication date: 2025-05-26
starting page: 65
ending page: 108
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8380

Design of a technologically enhanced greenhouse mediated by pollinators for UNAD-CCAV Facatativá
type: item
description: Contextualization: Traditional agriculture faces challenges such as low productivity, inefficient resource use, and a negative environmental impact. This has led to the need to implement sustainable and efficient agricultural production systems that take advantage of local agro-ecological conditions and promote biodiversity conservation. Studies have shown that insect-assisted pollination can increase crop yields by 20% to 40%, leading to more uniform, larger, and tastier fruits. Pollinators can also help control pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. Regions such as Europe, North America, and Asia are pioneers in the use of this technique. Knowledge gap: In the Sabana de Occidente region of the department of Cundinamarca, there is no known project that implements pollination mediation in crops. Purpose: This project arises as an initiative to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of implementing this type of system under a controlled environment. The project focuses on the design of a technified greenhouse for tomato and strawberry crops mediated by pollinators at UNAD CCAV Facatativá. The greenhouse will also allow for the academic strengthening of students from the ECAPMA and ECBTI schools by providing a space for research and laboratory practices. Methodology: A mixed-method correlational research approach was used for the project development. It began with a literature search and data collection in the field. The location, size, and technical characteristics of the pollinator-mediated technified greenhouse were then defined, based on soil use parameters described in the Land Use Plan (POT) of the Municipality of Facatativá. Results and conclusions: The project achieved the 2D and 3D design of the greenhouse, the selection of the Bombus Atratus species as a pollinator, and the identification of the electronic instrumentation to monitor and control the Temperature and Humidity variables of both the greenhouse and the pollinato…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: agricultural automatization
  topic: keywords
subject: Bombus atratus
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency of covered crops
  topic: keywords
subject: process technology
  topic: keywords
creator: William Alexander Cuevas Carrero
creator: Sindy Dayana Rodriguez Lugo
creator: Mery Rocio Fonseca Lara
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-11-01
publication date: 2024-11-01
starting page: 101
ending page: 114
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8247

Promoting environmental responsibility with the integration of ecopedagogy in the Unadista curriculum
type: item
description: Contextualization: Currently, the environmental problem worsens day by day due to the primary behavior of human beings; the damages and consequences of the poor environmental state are becoming more disastrous (Binder, 2002). Due to this problem, there has been an interest in acting, an example of which was seen in Yokohama, Japan, a country that led the global initiative to transform the formal and non-formal educational system to enable sustainable environmental awareness (Molina, 2016). This document highlights the relevance of including ecopedagogy in the university curriculum. Currently, the widespread recognition of environmental conditions and problems is due to the collaboration of organizations and global personalities who join efforts to preserve the planet. In this context, education plays a crucial role in defining approaches, ways, and alternatives to address environmental issues. Knowledge gap: Within this context, ecological education, also known as ecopedagogy, becomes important as one of the essential foundations for building a sustainable social culture (Delgado, 2005). The review addresses the existing gap in effectively integrating ecopedagogy into the university curriculum. Although there is growing recognition of environmental problems and the importance of education in this area, there has not been sufficient exploration of how to incorporate ecopedagogical principles comprehensively and effectively into university-level academic training. Purpose: This review's main objective is to generate a perspective on the relevance of incorporating ecopedagogy into the university curriculum. This inclusion is seen as a fundamental component in building a society committed to environmental preservation. Methodology: This document is based on a qualitative and documentary approach because “The qualitative approach is guided by significant areas or themes of research. However, instead of the quality of the research questions and hypotheses preceding data c…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental education
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: Marcela Mejia
creator: Laura Marcela Cerra Vergara
creator: Jhoana Milena Molina Rico
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-03-26
publication date: 2025-03-26
starting page: 7
ending page: 18
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8223

Evaluation of productive and reproductive parameters of cattle crossbred with criollo caqueteño, in a dual-purpose system, at the Vila Mery farm in the municipality of Morelia – Caquetá
type: item
description: Contextualization: The present research work exposes the evaluation of productive and reproductive bovine parameters of crosses with Criollo Caqueteño, in a dual-purpose system, in the Villa Mery farm in the municipality of Morelia - Caquetá, through the retrospective collection of productive and reproductive data in the farm, from the years 2018 to 2022 and the collection of new data from the beginning of the research and during the following 12 months to obtain indicators and their analysis. Finally, compare the productive parameters of the purebred Caqueteño Criollo breed with racial crosses. Knowledge gap: The Criollo Caqueteño breed is about to disappear from the herds of the department of Caquetá, since it is estimated that there are a little less than 300 specimens. It is undeniable that cattle breeders are still unaware of the qualities of adaptation, resistance, good meat conditions even with low food supply, and of course the high hardiness in the adverse conditions of the Amazon region. How do the genetics of Caqueteño Criollo cattle affect the improvement of productive and reproductive parameters when crossed with other breeds in tropical rainforest conditions in the department of Caquetá? Purpose: To evaluate productive and reproductive parameters of crossbred cattle with the Criollo Caqueteño breed, in a dual-purpose system, in the Villa Mery farm in the municipality of Morelia - Caquetá. Methodology: The present study was carried out on the Villa Mery farm in the municipality of Morelia - Caquetá, through the retrospective collection of productive and reproductive data in the farm, from 2018 to 2022 and the collection of new data from the beginning of the research and during the following 12 months to obtain indicators and their analysis. The methodology is given under a systemic approach, through the analysis of the subsystems (Population, Reproduction, and Production), in that sense, an approach that allows a comparative analysis per year and a lot …
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Animal
  topic: keywords
subject: animal genetics
  topic: keywords
subject: animal reproduction
  topic: keywords
subject: production
  topic: keywords
subject: animal resources
  topic: keywords
subject: animal behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency
  topic: keywords
creator: Lucerina Artunduaga Pimentel
creator: Ricardo Rusinque Becerra
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-11-01
publication date: 2024-11-01
starting page: 81
ending page: 100
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8081

Hydrological dynamics of the upper Magdalena river basin. Case study: Timana river basin, Colombia
type: item
description: Contextualization: Water resource management is crucial to ensure the availability and quality of water for multiple uses, including human supply, agriculture, industry, and environmental conservation. This integrated approach involves the implementation of policies, technologies and practices that promote equity in access to water, efficiency, protection of aquatic ecosystems and mitigation of risks related to scarcity, pollution and extreme weather events. Knowledge gap: Effective management of water resources in tropical regions has become increasingly critical due to the complexity of climatic and geographic factors. In this context, accurate prediction of peak flows is essential to mitigate flood risks and ensure water security. Purpose: This study evaluates the hydrological dynamics of the Timaná river basin, located in the upper Magdalena river basin. Methodology: The comprehensive methodology employed encompasses (1) determination of the morphometric and physiographic characteristics of the basin, (2) hydro-climatic characterization and (3) estimation of maximum flows from hydrological modeling using the HEC-HMS software for design rainfall in different return periods and extreme events. Results and Conclusions: The results demonstrate the usefulness of HEC-HMS in modeling peak flows in the basin, providing valuable information for decision making in water management and the design of hydraulic and drainage works. The study highlights the model's ability to accurately simulate extreme precipitation events and forecast the hydrological response, specifically in terms of peak flows. This work not only contributes to the fundamental understanding of hydrology in Colombian watersheds, but also highlights the usefulness of advanced tools such as HEC-HMS in complex geographic and climatic environments, providing a solid basis for the development of the model.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Water Resources
  topic: keywords
subject: Hydrological Modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: HEC-HMS Model
  topic: keywords
subject: River Basins
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
creator: Andres Mauricio Munar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-19
publication date: 2024-12-19
starting page: 115
ending page: 139
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.8067

Estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus in leachate from agricultural soils with high saturation of exchangeable magnesium
type: item
description: Contextualization: The quantification of chemical parameters in the leachate provides technical information for the state of soil health in the face of nutrient loss, therefore, these results are part of the institutional research management of the UNAD in the project called “Effect of amendments and nitrogen fertilization on sugarcane productivity in soil conditions of Valle del Cauca with high saturation of exchangeable Mg+2. Knowledge gap: In the problem of agricultural soils with a tendency to salinity and high saturation of exchangeable magnesium (Mg+2), the productivity of crops such as sugar cane is limited, and this is how questions are raised about the lack of knowledge of some interactions. of chemical properties of leachates that could contribute to soil management; In this sense, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are 2 of the most limiting nutrients in sugarcane cultivation systems and their available forms, therefore, a question associated with this problem is: could they be lost through leaching in the soil with different management of amendments? Purpose: Laboratory determination of the amounts of nitrates and phosphates in leachates from soils with high saturation of exchangeable magnesium to define the agronomic management of different amendments. Methodology: In soils from Valle del Cauca, soil samples were used with doses and applications of agricultural amendments (calcium sulfate and cachaça compost. The estimation of forms of nitrogen (nitrates) and phosphorus (phosphates) was carried out by colorimetric determination in a time 5-week monitoring. Results and conclusions: The nitrates and phosphates in the leachates were obtained in soils without the application of amendments; Treatments with cachaça compost determined the lowest losses of phosphates. Keywords: nitrates, phosphates, soil salinity, sugar cane 55
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: nitrates
  topic: keywords
subject: phosphates
  topic: keywords
subject: soli salinity
  topic: keywords
subject: sugar cane
  topic: keywords
creator: Milton Cesar Ararat Orozco
creator: Oscar Eduardo Sanclemente Reyes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-23
publication date: 2025-05-23
starting page: 53
ending page: 63
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7544

Development of a cilantro crop (Coriandrum sativum) in an automated aeroponic system
type: item
description: Contextualization: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is an annual, herbaceous herb, of the Apiaceae or Umbellifera family, it has a taproot with secondary roots, its stems are straight, it has compound leaves, white flowers and aromatic fruits, it has an average height of 40 to 60 cm, Coriandrum sativum L is its scientific name, where the word Coriandrum “derives from the Greek word “Koris” which means bug (insect), in reference to the smell given off by the immature fruit of the young plant” (García, 2002, p.20), and its specific name Sativum, means that it is a cultivated plant, it currently receives other common names such as; Coriander, Chinese parsley, Arabian parsley and coriander, its origin is very little known but it is considered native to southeastern Europe and northern Africa. The main Coriander producing countries are India, Russia, Morocco, Mexico, Romania, Argentina, Iran and Pakistan. The main importing countries are Germany, the United States, Sri Lanka and Japan, according to Reliance Spot Exchange (2011) cited in Arizio et al. (2011) “India is the world's leading producer and consumer. Aeroponics is a cultivation technique in which plants grow in the air without using soil. This agricultural method has several advantages, such as; the maximum use of the water resource, less time in production, focused management of pests and diseases, which allows a decrease in the use of agrochemicals among others, currently an automated prototype was implemented under this technique as an object of study, using Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) as a species of great commercial, culinary and medicinal importance. The word Aeroponics comes from the Greek terms “aero” and “ponos” which means air and work. This technique is an aspect of hydroponics, where the process consists of growing 46 plants in an aerial, closed environment, without using the soil, by supplying nutrient solutions to the roots through a mist or microspray irrigation system. According to the Internati…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Soil
  topic: keywords
subject: Aeroponics
  topic: keywords
subject: Nutrient solutions
  topic: keywords
subject: Automation
  topic: keywords
subject: Prototype
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban agriculture
  topic: keywords
creator: Yeimi Marcela Avilez Bedoya
creator: Francisco José Montealegre Torres
creator: Danilo Bonilla Trujillo
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-11-01
publication date: 2024-11-01
starting page: 55
ending page: 67
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7480

Ultrasound findings in feline lower urinary tract disease (F.L.U.T.D)
type: item
description: Let's contextualize. Feline lower urinary tract disease known as FLUTD, is the set of clinical symptoms associated with disorders of the bladder and urethral mucosa of the feline patient associated with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC), urolithiasis, bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI), bladder wall neoplasia and neurological disorders. Abdominal ultrasound is one of the most used diagnostic methods in pathologies related to the urinary tract, which allows us to clearly observe the renal structure, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which would indicate in a non-invasive way if the patient presented some abnormality in your urinary tract. Knowledge gap. Being a disease caused by different pathologies that are characterized by presenting similar clinical signs, it is necessary to know by means of the most used diagnostic method, which is abdominal ultrasound, the most common hallmarks to detect the main cause and thus an effective treatment for our feline patients. Purpose from the studio. Identify and characterize the most common echographic hallmarks in FLUTD of patients who entered the ultrasound diagnostic service at the CUV clinic in the city of Ibagué, from May 9th to September 9th, 2022. Methodology for obtaining ultrasound images of the felines that entered the clinic with symptoms of FLUTD to organize them accordingly to the most common echographic hallmarks, denoting the differences and structural similarities between patients. The images were obtained using the Mindray DP-20 portable equipment, using a linear probe up to 10 Mhz and a microconvex probe up to 8.5 Mhz. Results and conclusions. The most evident echographic hallmark was the presence of non-mineralized sediment in 10 cases (35.7%); Secondly, there are other anatomical variations, (Non-mineralized sediment with thickening of the bladder wall; Presence of mixed sediment and floccules; Solo mixed sediment; And mixed sediment with thickening of the bladder wall and floccules), each of these with 3 c…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: ultrasound
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
subject: cystitis
  topic: keywords
subject: urinary
  topic: keywords
creator: Victor Gerardo Petro Hernández
creator: Kelly Johana Ramírez Guzmán
creator: María Camila Molina Amaya
creator: RUBEN DARIO SOLAR
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-30
publication date: 2024-07-30
starting page: 21
ending page: 35
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7034

Assessment of the effect of herbicides on soil microbial populations
type: item
description: Contextualization: Soil fertility is influenced by a complex interaction of physical (such as density, structure, and porosity), chemical (including soil activity), and chemical (including soil activity) characteristics. (such as density, structure and porosity), chemical (including the activity of clays, oxide-reduction potentials of clays, oxidation-reduction potentials and the presence of organic matter), and biological and biological (including microorganisms of the microflora and microfauna, as well as meso- and macrofauna, as well as meso- and macrofauna). These interactions are fundamental to the availability of plant nutrients. availability of nutrients to plants. However, microorganisms play a crucial role, as they have the ability to modify both the biochemical aspects and the biochemical aspects, such as enzyme production, which contributes significantly to plant fertility. significantly to their fertility. For this reason, it is essential to know and monitoring the status of microorganisms in the soil is essential. Knowledge gap: the true damage caused by herbicides on the microbial population is not known, this affect the degradation of organic matter on soil, limited development of life of these organisms, therefore, fertility is affected. Purpose: The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of herbicide mixture application on microbial populations in a rice (Oryza sativa L.) production system Methodology: Soil treated with a mixture of herbicides Clethodim, Carfentrazone ethyl and glyphosate is analyzed, activity is determined by microbial basal respiration in mg of CO2, microbial growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plate. Results and conclusions: It was determined that the soils treated with Cletodim, Carfentrazona ethyl and glyphosate herbicide mixture decrease the microbial population in PDA plate, their soils with application of herbicide mixture (SH) obtained an average of 6 CFU/g soil and an area of growth of 62 cm2. Compared to th…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: environmental damage
  topic: keywords
subject: glyphosate
  topic: keywords
subject: Microbial respiration
  topic: keywords
subject: soil quality
  topic: keywords
creator: Claudia Parra Cortez
creator: Arsened Vargas Guarin
creator: Guillermo Edmundo Caicedo Diaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-11-01
publication date: 2024-11-01
starting page: 69
ending page: 79
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7199

Evaluation of the incidence of Phytophthora spp. in cocoa clones, with applications of Trichoderma spp. in the municipality of Algeciras, Huila
type: item
description: Contextualization: Cocoa in Colombia is a crop of relevance not only for its economic factor, but also for its social and environmental setting; according to the Governor's Office of Huila (2022) it is estimated that cocoa in Huila is the livelihood of about 3,300 families, with approximately 7,000 hectares planted. Regarding the phytosanitary management of this crop, the disease caused by Phytophthora spp. stands out as one of the most limiting diseases for production (Rodríguez y Vera, 2015). Knowledge gap: In Colombia there is little research on the relationship between clones and the development of the Phytophthora spp. disease, so this type of study is urgently required around influence of the project, so research advances have been made in clones by Agrosavia, but in other regions of the country. Purpose: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of Phytophthora spp. in cocoa clones, with applications of Trichoderma sp. in environmental conditions of the department of Huila, to contribute to the research line in agricultural biotechnology. Methodology: Evaluation parameters were used for incidence and severity of Phytophthora spp. in 10 cocoa clones: EET 8, TSH 565, SCC 61, ICS 1, ICS 95, HIBRIDO, IMC 67, ICS 39, ICS 60 and CCN 51: T1: (Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma atroviridae, Trichoderma harzianum). Presentation wettable powder PW. T2: (Trichoderma viride) liquid presentation concentrated suspension SC. T3: Control, without any application; in two periods of production phase I (13, 20 and 27 December) and phase II (14, 21 and 28 May). Results and conclusions: It is concluded that the effects on Phytophthora spp. respond to the combination of the susceptibility of the plant material used and the action of Trichoderma sp. on the cocoa crop. In phase II there is a significant difference between the control and the powder treatment, compared to the liquid treatment, the latter being the one that exerts better control over the diseas…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: black pod rot
  topic: keywords
subject: dormancy
  topic: keywords
subject: genetic resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: incidence
  topic: keywords
subject: severity
  topic: keywords
subject: Theobroma cacao
  topic: keywords
creator: Claudia Parra Cortés
creator: Alexandra Ceron Endo
creator: Guillermo Caicedo Diaz
creator: Jhon Jairo Cuellar Veru
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-06-20
publication date: 2024-06-20
starting page: 7
ending page: 19
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7090

Advances and perspectives in the characterization of elite cacao trees (Theobroma cacao L.) for the conservation of biodiversity in the municipality of Ibague, Tolima
type: item
description: Contextualization: Cocoa is a valuable and versatile crop that has proven to be beneficial in various aspects, including combating illicit crop cultivation, sustained product yield, rural poverty reduction, and biodiversity conservation in regions. Knowledge Gap: Ibagué, Tolima, is known for its cocoa trees with unique attributes. However, the lack of knowledge in the identification and evaluation of these varieties has driven an exhaustive bibliographic review to address this situation. Purpose: The characterization of elite cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) is crucial for genetic improvement and the development of cocoa varieties with desirable traits, such as disease resistance, crop yield, and grain quality. Characterization involves the detailed assessment of various phenotypic and genetic characteristics of the trees to identify those exhibiting superior traits. The primary objective of the study titled "Advancements and Perspectives in the Characterization of Elite Cocoa Trees in Ibagué, Tolima" is to provide stakeholders in the cocoa sector of the region with descriptors for the characterization of elite cocoa trees, aiming to enable the selection of promising varieties, enhance quality, and improve yield. Methodology: To achieve this objective, it becomes necessary to implement a methodology based on the bibliographic review of both primary and secondary sources related to the characterization of elite cocoa trees with aroma and flavor at both the national and specifically in the Ibagué, Tolima region.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: characterization
  topic: keywords
subject: aroma
  topic: keywords
subject: Cocoa
  topic: keywords
subject: elite trees
  topic: keywords
subject: flavor
  topic: keywords
subject: quality
  topic: keywords
creator: Mady Dully Leal Jiménez
creator: Oscar Hernando Torres Arango
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 37
ending page: 53
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.7050

Gastrointestinal parasites with zoonotic potential in owned canines attending in the veterinary clinic UDES-Valledupar
type: item
description: Contextualization: Gastrointestinal parasites are common in dogs and can pose a risk to public health due to their potential transmission to humans. These parasites present a challenge in veterinary medicine because of the severe clinical signs in infected dogs. Knowledge Gap: stemming from the need for continuous and diversified studies in different canine populations to better understand the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and their impact on public health. Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence of zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites in dogs treated at a specific veterinary clinic (UDES). The study aims to identify the present parasites and their potential to affect public health. Methodology: The study was carried out using a descriptive cross-sectional approach, involving the collection and analysis of canine fecal samples to determine the presence of parasites. The techniques used were incorporated into Excel and the SPSS program. Results and Conclusions: The results revealed a prevalence of 38.2% of gastrointestinal parasites in the studied dogs, with 30.9% of these parasites potentially being zoonotic. Nematodes, such as Toxocara canis and Anquilostomas spp., were the most prominent in terms of zoonosis. The need for further studies, including different populations of dogs, is emphasized, and the implementation of One Health approaches is suggested to effectively address the diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of these parasites.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Parasitosis
  topic: keywords
subject: zoonosis
  topic: keywords
subject: prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: gastrointestinal
  topic: keywords
creator: Victor Gerardo Petro Hernández
creator: Arianny Juliza Cotes Saucedo
creator: Angélica María Paul Blanco
creator: María Adelaida Acosta Usta
creator: Jenny Alexandra Portillo Paba
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-09-18
publication date: 2023-09-18
starting page: 119
ending page: 137
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6914

Bovina colombiana animal welfare in the colombian bovine meat chain
type: item
description: Contextualization: According to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), animal welfare is a multifactorial science, which includes scientific, cultural, ethical, economic and political aspects. Since 1995, the OIE has supported member countries in the adoption of guidelines for the application of the BA, so that Latin American countries have developed their own laws and guidelines in order to integrate the concepts of both international studies and those carried out in conditions specific to each territory. Research gap: It is necessary to know the impact of animal welfare in the bovine meat chain in Colombia, to investigate what research in the area has achieved in our country. Purpose of the study: The following document aims to contextualize the links of the bovine meat chain in Colombia, where a discussion will be held on the most important aspects in each of the stages that comprise them, in this way it seeks to visualize what research has achieved in the field of animal welfare, in order to show the importance of implementing this concept. Methodology: Exploration of secondary sources of information, with reference to relevant updates in the area of animal welfare and its impact on the bovine meat chain in Colombia. Results and conclusions: scientific research in the area has been giving information about the problems that currently arise, along with clear solutions to them, in order to achieve optimal production. Therefore, it is essential to continue investigating the impact of applications of good animal welfare practices in the logistics chain.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Animal welfare
  topic: keywords
subject: meat chain
  topic: keywords
subject: cattle
  topic: keywords
creator: Andres Felipe Leon Betancur
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-07-25
publication date: 2023-07-25
starting page: 41
ending page: 57
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6833

Evaluación de productos Químicos y Biológico para Combatir la Antracnosis en Guanábana (Annona muricata L.) provocada por Colletotrichum spp.
type: item
description: In several municipalities in Colombia, the cultivation of soursop is of great importance. The pulp of this fruit is highly valued in large-scale production due to its considerable volume and distinctive flavor. However, its production faces various phytosanitary challenges that have an economic impact, one of the main ones being anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which affects both the fruit and floral and foliar tissue. Therefore, the present study is focused on evaluating biological and chemical products for the control of anthracnose in soursop (Annona muricata L.), caused by the fungus (Colletotrichum spp.). To do this, a study was carried out in the municipality of La Plata, Huila, in the Cabuyal village on the Madrigal farm. In the study, the effect of two chemically synthesized fungicides, commercially known as Antrasin and Skuper, and a biological fungicide called Rhapsody were examined, and a control group without fungicide application was included. The development of this research was carried out using a technified crop with emphasis on good agricultural practices, which include a fertilization plan, integrated weed control, and integrated pest and disease management. The study was carried out in experimental units, applying foliar treatments to 132 trees distributed in four plots. Variables such as the proportions of disease impact, both in severity and prevalence, were analyzed, i.e., the effectiveness of each intervention in controlling anthracnose was examined. For each intervention, a completely randomized block experimental design (BCA) with eight iterations was used. The data obtained wre tabulated and complete descriptive statistics were applied for analysis. The most relevant results indicated that the biological product Rhapsody stands out as the most efficient in controlling the presence of the disease in the plantations, achieving an efficacy level of 58.7%. This demonstrates an effective management capacity over t…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: control
  topic: keywords
subject: pesticides
  topic: keywords
subject: severity
  topic: keywords
subject: incidence
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency
  topic: keywords
creator: Nelcy Juliana Anaya Martinez
creator: Alexander Castro Polanco
creator: Alejandra Maria Peña Beltrán
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-09-04
publication date: 2023-09-04
starting page: 105
ending page: 118
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6809

Análisis sobre la incidencia de harina de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis l.) en los parámetros productivos de pollos de engorde en el departamento del cauca
type: item
description: Under conditions of the municipality of Popayan, department of Cauca, an analytical, quantitative study with a completely randomized design was carried out with two comparative tests corresponding to two stages of experimentation to evaluate the effects of the percentage of inclusion of Sacha Inchi (plukenetia volubis L.) flour in the Cobb 500-line broiler diet. In the first trial, 4 treatments were evaluated with different inclusion levels of Sacha Inchi cake (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) applied to chickens in the starter stage for twelve (12) days. And in the second trial, 3 treatments were evaluated with different levels of inclusion of Sacha Inchi cake, (0%, 5%, 10%) applied to chickens in the finishing stage for twenty-one (21) days. To meet the proposed objective, the productive parameters Feed consumption, Weight gain and Feed conversion were analyzed, using descriptive statistics in the initiation stage, it is observed that as the percentage of inclusion of the Sacha Inchi cake flour increases, food consumption decreases, the marked loss of appetite in these diets is due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors in the protein, mainly expressed by tannins. In the finishing stage, to counteract the effect of anti-nutritional factors, baking was carried out at 102ºC for twenty minutes, it was observed that there was a significant improvement in consumption in relation to the initiation stage. Regarding weight gain, it was determined that in both trials as the inclusion of Sacha Inchi Cake (SIC) increases, weight gain decreases, seeing that the decrease in weight gain is more noticeable in the stage of ending. Regarding the feed conversion in the initiation stage, it is inferred that as the inclusion percentage of SIC flour increases, the feed conversion increases, in the same way in the completion stage. The results obtained made it possible to identify that the percentage inclusion of Sacha Inchi Cake flour up to 10% pre-baked and unbaked in the initiation and co…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Broiler chicken
  topic: keywords
subject: Sacha Inchi
  topic: keywords
subject: productive parameters
  topic: keywords
subject: diets
  topic: keywords
subject: supplementation
  topic: keywords
creator: Francis Liliana Valencia Trujillo
creator: Juliana Isabel Carvajal Tapia
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-09-11
publication date: 2023-09-11
starting page: 88
ending page: 103
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6168

System of numbering for bovines with the purpose of showing age and sex
type: item
description: Contextualization: The numbering nomenclature for bovine specimens is developed under the use of computer science concepts, for the adaptation of information and communication technologies (ICT) in zootechnics within precision livestock. Knowledge gap: This methodology will provide sustainable management, helping the producer to reduce investment costs in technology, contributing to the implementation of livestock production and animal welfare, establishing that technology helps to simplify traditional management. Purpose: Develop a numbering nomenclature that can be integrated into precision farming, taking into account the rise of the digital age, in order to know the age and sex of each specimen individually, giving a technological tool to the current zootechnician. Methodology: The nomenclature methodology for numbering new bovine exemplary births was applied, to show age and sex, this numbering system was carried out through the use of tattoos and hot iron, what is different is the nomenclature of the number to be used, since it was developed by a 4-digit algorithm where each part of them corresponds to a qualitative non-computational logical sequence, led to establish a number as identification of a specimen according to the date of birth and its sex. This was carried out in the department of Vichada, which is in technological isolation; it is a department that has extensive plains and soils suitable for agriculture and livestock that are promising for all types of precision agricultural management. Results and conclusions: With this research, the management of ICT will be ventured, obtaining detailed information of the bovine specimens that will help decision-making in the different traditional and precision livestock systems, in addition, the information acquired digitally will be systematized for an adequate use and better control.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
creator: Yeni Nini Bareño Gómez
creator: Farín Samir Gómez García
creator: Diana Milena Torres
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-07-25
publication date: 2023-07-25
starting page: 71
ending page: 87
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6156

Effects of dietary inclusion of babassu by-products on ruminal metabolism of sheep and on the chemical composition of milk and meat produced by cattle: a brief overview in the brazilian context
type: item
description: Contextualization: Currently, there has been a constant demand for feedstuffs that can replace those traditionally used (soybean and corn) in the market in the nutrition of farm animals. Thus, several studies have been conducted, exploring alternative feedstuffs. One of those is the fruit of the babassu palm, which generates several by-products with potential use in ruminant feeding. Knowledge gap: There is a need for greater knowledge on the composition and biological effects of by-products derived from the babassu fruit on ruminant nutrition. Purpose: The present study aimed to review the literature to present findings related to the effects of the inclusion of by-products from the babassu fruit on ruminal parameters and ingestive behavior of sheep, as well as the quality of milk and meat of cattle. Methodology: A literature review was carried out, summarizing the main references in relation to the effects of the inclusion of by-products from the babassu fruit on the nutrition and product quality of sheep and cattle. Results and conclusions: The review revealed that babassu by-products have nutritional characteristics compatible with feedstuffs conventionally used in ruminant nutrition. The most abundant babassu by-product in the studies was FMB (babassu mesocarp bran), which is rich in starch and widely used in sheep and cattle nutrition. The present review also revealed that the inclusion of babassu by-products should be done with caution in ruminant diets, but these can confer desirable characteristics to beef and milk of cattle.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: by-product
  topic: keywords
subject: compositional quality
  topic: keywords
subject: nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: ruminant
  topic: keywords
creator: Hanita Garibalde Silva de Souza
creator: Julián Andrés Castillo Vargas
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-03-31
publication date: 2023-03-31
starting page: 17
ending page: 40
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.6147

Endoparasitoses in domestic canines and feline in the UDES Valledupar veterinary clinic
type: item
description: We contextualize the link between animals and humans that favors the appearance of zoonotic diseases such as parasitic infections. Hemoparasites are among the main challenges in clinical veterinary medicine, due to the serious clinical signs they cause in infected dogs and cats. What clinical signs can occur? Can a clinical examination solve these problems? Hemoparasites are among the main challenges in clinical veterinary medicine, due to the serious clinical signs they cause in infected dogs and cats. With the objective of determining the prevalence of vector-borne diseases and gastrointestinal parasitosis in canines and felines, by reviewing the clinical records of patients who arrived at the UDES Campus Valledupar veterinary clinic. The present work has as methodology; During the years 2019 and 2020, a retrospective descriptive study was carried out, where information was collected from the medical history of 95 canines and 12 domestic felines such as: breed, age, sex, weight, symptoms and clinical signs, as well as data from the blood count and coprological examination. The results obtained determined that the prevalence of parasitic diseases was 34.57%, the most frequent parasites in hematological and coprological examinations were Anaplasma spp, Eimeria spp, and Ancylostoma spp; Therefore, it is necessary to implement health education actions for the community, developing deworming, control and prevention plans, making adequate use of antiparasitic drugs and reducing environmental contamination, whether in free-living dogs and cats or with owners.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Canine
  topic: keywords
subject: feline
  topic: keywords
subject: vector
  topic: keywords
subject: prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: veterinary
  topic: keywords
creator: Victor Gerardo Petro Hernández
creator: María Adelaida Acosta Usta
creator: Angélica María Paul Blanco
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-03-31
publication date: 2023-03-31
starting page: 7
ending page: 16
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5856

The new regulatory context of the Guadua/bamboo production chain in Colombia
type: item
description: The issuance of Law 2206 of May 17, 2022 "whereby the productive use of bamboo and bamboo and its environmental sustainability in the national territory is encouraged", the recognition by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADR) of the bamboo/guadua productive chain, through Decree 009 of January 25, 2021, the issuance of Decree 690 of June 24, 2021 "Whereby the Sole Regulatory Decree 1076 of 2015 is added and modified, of the Environment and Sustainable Development sector, in relation to the sustainable management of wild flora and non-timber forest products", together with the provisions of Decree 1740 of October 24, 2016 "Whereby general guidelines are established for the management, harvesting and establishment of bamboo and bamboo groves", generate great challenges and challenges that merit an analysis of the new regulatory context of this sector of the national economy, present throughout the territory. The normative analysis carried out in this work included a systematic review of the commitments of public and private entities, ONGs, citizens, educational institutions, and territorial entities, so that, in an interinstitutional and interdisciplinary work, the productive chain can be consolidated from the local to the global level. The results reveal the importance of the active participation of civil society over the years in the formulation of the policy to publicize the conditions for the establishment and sustainable use of guadua/bamboo in the national territory, highlighting its importance and transcendence.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Guadua
  topic: keywords
subject: bamboo; regulatory framework
  topic: keywords
creator: William Ignacio Montealegre Torres
creator: Nelly María Méndez Pedroza
creator: Andrés Mauricio Munar
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 61
ending page: 74
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5954

Evaluation of two treatments based on garlic (Allium sativum), in comparison to a commercial antiparasitic (Albendazole), for controlling gastro-intestinal parasites in lactating calves
type: item
description: Contextualization: In the department of Caquetá, the main economical activity has been livestock and, precisely, one of the main problems in lactating calves is the presence of parasitic diseases since it can cause health problems to them, but specially a decrease in productive indicators, and therefore economic losses for the farmer. Knowledge gap: There are hundreds of commercial drugs on the market for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites, but there is a possibility that they create resistance to those products; in addition, the final consumer will not have the certainty of consuming safe and quality products. That is why it is necessary to explore other alternatives that be effective for controlling parasites and that do not accumulate toxic waste; also, that be friendly to the environment and economically accessible to farmers. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of two treatments with inclusion of garlic [Allium sativum] in different concentrations [5 % and 10 %] [Albendazole 25 %] as a deworming control method in lactating calves, and also to compare the costs of its implementation respect to a conventional chemical treatment. Methodology: The inclusion of garlic, in different percentages, was evaluated as a deworming method in lactating calves from Hacienda La María, in the municipality of San José del Fragua. We worked with 15 calves distributed in 3 groups and treatments as follows: Treatment I with a 5% of garlic, Treatment II with a 10% of garli c, and finally Treatment III with a 25% of Albendazole. The statistical analysis of the variables was done through a completely randomized design. Results and conclusions: The inclusion of garlic orally, in percentages of 5 % and 10 %, did not show any therapeutic and statistical efficacy versus the treatment with Albendazole at 25 %. The three treatments [Garlic at 5 %, Garlic at 10 %, and Albendazole at 25 %] were not efficient for controlling eggs of the genera Coccidea, Strongylidae and Trichistrongylus
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Phytotherapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Allium sativum
  topic: keywords
subject: Trichostrongylus
  topic: keywords
subject: Strongyloides
  topic: keywords
subject: parasites
  topic: keywords
creator: Lucerina Artunduaga Pimentel
creator: Oscar Eduardo Manrique Chivara
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-07-25
publication date: 2023-07-25
starting page: 59
ending page: 70
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5947

Solid waste and community in urban rivers: case section 2 Fucha river – Bogotá D.C – Colombia
type: item
description: Results and conclusions: After collecting and analyzing the above information, it was possible for us to identify on the riverbank ten critical points of accumulation of mixed solid waste which are generated for two reasons: First, Community Inadequate Practices (non-separation at the source, delivery of waste at non-established hours and payment to highwaymen for the final disposal of special waste. On the other hand, the social problem to the persistence of homeless people in abandoned public spaces. Finally, we were concluded that the recovery of public space and green areas are essential actions for the rehabilitation of the Fucha river ring, in turn, generate solidarity actions that strengthen the connectivity between the river and the community, aiming at the appropriation by the territory and the identification of the river as a source of life.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: City halls
  topic: keywords
subject: final disposition
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental impact
  topic: keywords
subject: social impacts
  topic: keywords
subject: Construction and Demolition Wastes (CDW)
  topic: keywords
creator: Laura Cecilia Leal Ayala
creator: Luisa Fernanda Uribe Laverde
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 45
ending page: 60
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5821

Animal production systems (aps) and environment relationship and interactions
type: item
description: Contextualization: Animal Production Systems (APS) have a direct influence on environment, through the generation of liquid and solid wastes, release of gases into the atmosphere, demand for hydric resources, expansion of the border agriculture and the impact on biodiversity, among others. On other hand, environment is a APS characteristics determining factor. Relationships between environment and APS are dynamic and permanent. Knowledge gap: Is necessary recognize in greater detail impacts of APS on environment, the influence of environment on APS, and importance of design and establish sustainable APS in suitable areas. Purpose: Analyse relationship between Animal Production Systems (SPA) and environment, through of documentary sources review. Methodology: Review of secondary sources of information, of updated references on this area of ​​knowledge and high regional impact. Results and conclusions: Livestock production should be developed from a sustainable approach, taking into account the effects of climate change, seeking to mitigate the impact of livestock activity on the environment and taking into account the determining effect of the environment on characteristics of APS.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Animal production
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental impact
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: agricultural waste
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental impact mitigation
  topic: keywords
creator: Jorge Andrés Zambrano
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 75
ending page: 89
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5817

Mountain microorganisms, an alternative for the biofertilization of agricultural crops
type: item
description: (a) Contextualization: Mountain microorganisms (MM) are found in the organic matter of little intervened soils, this means soils that have received few chemical treatments, that have not been incinerated constantly and/or subjected to agricultural production processes such as extensive livestock or monocultures. These soils, without intervening over time, allow the preservation of microfauna, bacteria, and fungi, which in turn managed to accelerate the regeneration of organic matter and the degradation of toxic substances and thus preserve the physicochemical characteristics of the soil that make it make them more fertile and productive. (b) Knowledge gap: Although the result of different investigations demonstrates the efficiency of Mountain Microorganisms as a biofertilizer in different agricultural crops, there is no scientifically characterized documentation or database on the subject. For this reason, the documentary study of mountain microorganisms becomes a potential scientific and technological wealth. (c) Purpose: This literature review is carried out to recognize experiences related to the application of mountain microorganisms (MM) as a sustainable alternative to produce different types of crops. (d) Methodology: A systematic review is made of the research carried out regarding mountain microorganisms, especially in Latin America and Colombia. It is based on the review of different databases, on scientific studies carried out on this subject, and from there the advances in the use of mountain microorganisms as an alternative for biofertilization in agricultural crops were determined. (e) Results and conclusions: Se has found in a general way that the use of mountain microorganisms (MM) as biofertilizers in agricultural crops, not only allows a positive impact on the environment, but also manages to make agriculture a sustainable activity, producing organic food with greater biomass and making production more efficient.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Mountain microorganisms
  topic: keywords
subject: biofertilization
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: soil
  topic: keywords
subject: agricultural crops
  topic: keywords
creator: Diana Cristina Medina Valencia
creator: Erika Tatiana Obando Anaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 91
ending page: 105
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5800

Seed quality Evaluation of Sacha inchi specie (Plukenetia volubilis L.)
type: item
description: Contextualization: Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.) has a high nutritional level; it also has a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially Omega 3, making the cultivation of this species very promising. Our country has several natives species in places like Orino-Amazonia and Pacific; There are place that reported the specie as a crop like Chocó, Putumayo, Caquetá, Amazonas, Tolima and Cundinamarca (Karisma, 2015, p.3). Knowledge gap: There are few investigations related to this specie. It identified that the unevenness in planting is associated with a hard seed coat, this being a limiting factor, which is why it is necessary to carry out this study. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of two types of Sacha inchi seed, a commercial seed from the area and another one from producers in Anolaima (Cundinamarca). Methodology: It applies seed quality evaluation parameters according to the International Standards for Seed Testing (ISTA) and uses two scarification methods. Results and conclusions: The Anolaima farmer's seed has a greater precocity and germination. It requires mechanical abrasion scarification and imbibition for 24 hours.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Germination
  topic: keywords
subject: Inca peanut
  topic: keywords
subject: Dormancy
  topic: keywords
subject: Oilseeds
  topic: keywords
creator: Claudia Parra Cortes
creator: Alexandra Ceron Endo
creator: Guillermo Castaño Muñoz
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 31
ending page: 43
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5480

Analysis of lighting risks in study positions of distance education students
type: item
description: Contextualization The environmental risks present in the different academic activities have been changing due to the incorporation of new technologies and study methodologies, causing them to appear in environments that were not designed to carry out these activities, such as lighting, a critical and fundamental factor for the academic development. knowledge gap It is unknown if distance education students present lighting risks in the area where they work and/or study within their homes. study purpose Based on the above and due to the complexity that the pandemic brought to adapt the home into permanent recreation, work and study areas, this research emerged that seeks to identify the risk of lighting in the study areas of distance higher education students. Methodology For the development of the present study, we worked with a non-probabilistic sample of 329 distance university education students, who had knowledge in Safety and Health at Work. A section of the lighting evaluation technical guide was applied as an information collection tool developed by the INSST of Spain; based on this mobile application was used to measure the lighting in the workplace during the morning, afternoon and night hours. Results and conclusions It was found that 35% of the students have exclusive study areas, 74% perceive that the lighting levels are optimal for carrying out these activities, 30% of them state that they have problems associated with tiredness and visual fatigue, and at use and analyze light levels, it was shown that on average only 30% of respondents have optimal lighting levels to carry out this activity according to the standard.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Lighting
  topic: keywords
subject: health
  topic: keywords
subject: vision
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile App
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk
  topic: keywords
creator: Christian Felipe Valderrama Lopez
creator: Jose Francisco Cardoso
creator: Juan David Ortiz
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 19
ending page: 30
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5350

Vegetable coverage in scattered trees located in agricultural properties of the road corredor Bogotá – Villavicencio
type: item
description: Contextualization: Trees scattered in rural and agricultural properties and in areas belonging to strategic ecosystems, fulfill functions of great ecological relevance, serving as a basis for improving connectivity between forest and vegetation patches of different successional stages. Knowledge gap: While it is true, the expansion of the agricultural frontier for the establishment of productive activities, has in certain cases generated ecosystem fragmentation, it has also led to the presence of patches and remaining arboreal individuals of native and exotic species, leading to a new ecological configuration of the territory, which must be studied for the correct planning of rural areas with an integral vision and under sustainability approaches. Purpose: his study made it possible to analyze the vegetation cover of trees scattered in rural properties with productive and agricultural functions in 32 farms located in the municipalities of Chipaque, Cáqueza, Quetame and Guayabetal, zone of influence of the Bogotá - Villavicencio road corridor, with a view to establishing the plant diversity and cover of tree species. Methodology: Eight (8) rural properties with agricultural activities were selected for each of the municipalities. The information was collected directly in the field from measurements of areas, coverages and floristic inventories in each of the selected properties, determining the diversity and representativeness in terms of coverage, abundance and frequency. Results and conclusions: The farms studied have a diversity of native forest species, which outnumber exotic forest species by almost four times; however, the ecological dominance of the latter has a significant ecological impact as a result of their large-scale use and, therefore, a gradual displacement of ancestral, cultural and traditional knowledge of native plants and trees.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Strategic ecosystems
  topic: keywords
subject: fragmentation
  topic: keywords
subject: vegetable succession
  topic: keywords
subject: rurality
  topic: keywords
creator: William Ricardo Díaz Santamaría
creator: Raúl Gonzalo García Vargas
creator: Camilo Forero Vargas
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Working Papers ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-07-28
publication date: 2022-07-28
starting page: 6
ending page: 18
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.5316

Environmental interpretation as a strategy in enviromental education with schoolchildren of primary basic studies at the Agape reserve of the municipality of Leticia (Amazonas)
type: item
description: This document is the result of a work, whose objective was to sensitize students of primary school in grades 4 and 5 of the municipality of Leticia (Amazonas) through the environmental interpretation strategy, on the concept of the environment and the importance of preserving it. Through the strategy of environmental interpretation that has its basis in a script prepared previously for each path, which included conceptual and metaphorical content, children were sensitized; the activity included sensory experiences, of play, activities of preservation, conservation, that would allow to strengthen their knowledge, allowing the construction of environmental values seeking to generate new patterns of behavior in the face of the environment and modify behavior patterns. It was concluded that this type of environmental interpretation activities, which includes the participation of all senses in accessible open spaces, allows to generate the curiosity of children to know and explore, beyond their formal classroom knowledge. It is evident that it is not enough to know about environmental problems if it is not known in reality; beyond the knowledge that can be achieved in conventional classrooms.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Environmental interpretation
  topic: keywords
subject: space
  topic: keywords
subject: biotics
  topic: keywords
subject: anthropic
  topic: keywords
creator: Fanny Matilde Pinzon Candelario
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Documentos de Trabajo ECAPMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2021-07-12
publication date: 2021-07-12
starting page: 27
ending page: 43
doi: 10.22490/ECAPMA.4232