Reference Software Architecture for Health Information Management Based on Blockchain Technology

This document presents research focused on designing a reference software architecture for managing sensitive health information using blockchain technology, with the aim of strengthening attributes such as security, confidentiality, interoperability, traceability, and availability in health information systems. The proposal arises in response to the challenges associated with the management of electronic medical records, particularly regarding the storage, retrieval, transmission, and reliability of clinical data in hospital and healthcare settings.

The research is structured into three methodological phases: exploration, formulation, and evaluation. In the exploratory phase, a systematic literature review is conducted based on software engineering methodologies proposed by Kitchenham and Petersen, with the aim of identifying quality attributes, architectural tactics, and patterns used in blockchain solutions applied to the healthcare sector. Subsequently, the formulation phase seeks to define the components of the reference architecture based on architectural patterns and real-world implementation cases. Finally, the evaluation phase involves validating the architecture through case studies conducted in the department of Nariño, using architectural evaluation methodologies and feasibility testing in real-world scenarios.

Preliminary results show that most research on blockchain in healthcare focuses on security, privacy, and the storage of sensitive data, highlighting characteristics such as decentralization, integrity, traceability, and data availability. Additionally, limitations have been identified regarding scalability, latency, interoperability, and the lack of mature architectural models to guide future developments in blockchain-based healthcare systems. Concurrently, the project is advancing an exploratory case study developed in collaboration with the Hospital Universitario Departamental de Nariño, using Hyperledger Fabric as a pilot platform for the secure management of medical information.

The research provides a conceptual and methodological foundation for architectural decision-making in health information systems, promoting technological solutions aimed at improving the secure and reliable management of clinical data through emerging technologies applied to the healthcare sector.